My research explores the cyclical nature of disengagement from mathematics, and what helps or

hinders re-engagement. Working with adults enrolled on Functional Skills mathematics courses in

Cornwall, I will investigate how low confidence, anxiety and reduced participation reinforce one another,

and how this cycle might be disrupted or reversed. Building on my master’s research, I will combine

surveys, interviews, lesson analysis and ethnographic conversations to explore learners’ experiences

over time. I aim to inform adult mathematics teaching and investigate how re-engagement can influence

learners’ confidence, aspirations, and everyday lives, particularly in contexts of economic disadvantage.